Abstract
Kuongorora kunoratidza kuti zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunamatira pakati pemukati muromo uyevharafukunyanya zvinosanganisira kubata nekuchengetedza vharafu, yemukati nozzle rabha kuumbwa uye kushanduka kwemhando, yemukati nozzle rabha pad vulcanization control, maitiro ekushanda uye kugadzirwa nharaunda, yemukati nozzle rabha pad kugadzirisa uye yemukati chubhu vulcanization, nezvimwewo, kuburikidza nekubata kwakakodzera uye kuchengetedza mavharuvhu, kutonga. yemukati menozzle kuumbwa uye kushanduka kwemhando, kudzikamiswa kwemukati nozzle rubber pad vulcanization mamiriro, yakasimba maitiro ekushanda uye kugadzirisa kwezvakatipoteredza, yemukati nozzle rabha pad kugadzirisa uye yemukati chubhu vulcanization kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemaitiro Mamiriro uye mamwe matanho anogona kuvandudza kunamatira pakati. iyo yemukati nozzle rubber uye valve uye chengetedza kunaka kwemukati chubhu.
1. Mhedzisiro uye kutonga kwevhavha nozzle kurapwa uye kuchengetedza pakunamatira
Thevhiri vhirichikamu chakakosha chechubhu yemukati.Iyo inowanzo gadzirwa nemhangura uye yakabatana kune yemukati chubhu chitunha chakazara kuburikidza nemukati nozzle rubber pad.Iko kunamatira pakati pemukati wemukati nevhavha inobata zvakananga kushanda kwekuchengetedza uye hupenyu hwebasa remukati chubhu, saka inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti kunamatira kunosangana nezvinodiwa zvakajairwa.Mukati mekugadzirwa kwechubhu yemukati, inowanzo pfuura nematanho akadai sekunhonga vharafu, kukwesha, kuomesa, kugadzirira mukati menozzle rabha pad, pedhi rerabha uye vulcanization yevharuvhu mune imwechete mold, nezvimwe. Geza glue, iome uye gadzirisa. pachubhu yemukati ine perforated kusvika chubhu yemukati inokwenenzverwa yave vulcanized.Kubva pakuita kwekugadzira, zvinogona kuongororwa kuti zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunamatira pakati pemukati muromo nevharuvhu zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira kugadzirisa vharafu uye kuchengetedza, yemukati nozzle rabha kuumbwa uye kushanduka kwemhando, yemukati nozzle rubber pad vulcanization control, maitiro ekushanda uye kugadzirwa nharaunda, remukati nozzle rabha.Panyaya yekugadziriswa kwepadhi uye yemukati chubhu vulcanization, matanho anoenderana anogona kutorwa kudzora zviri pamusoro zvinofurira zvinhu, uye pakupedzisira kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuvandudza kunamatira pakati pemukati wemukati nevhavha uye kuve nechokwadi chemhando yechubhu yemukati.
1.1 Kufurira zvinhu
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kunamatira pakati pevhavha uye muromo wemukati zvinosanganisira kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvemhangura zvekugadzirisa valve, kutonga kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa nekuchengetedza kwevhavha isati yashandiswa.
Iyo mhangura yekugadzira vharafu kazhinji inosarudza ndarira ine mhangura yemukati ye67% kusvika 72% uye zinc yemukati ye28% kusvika 33%.Ivhavha yakagadziriswa nemhando iyi yekuumbwa ine nani kunamatira kune rabha..Kana iyo yemhangura yemhangura inopfuura 80% kana yakaderera pane 55%, kunamatira kune yakasanganiswa rubber kunoderedzwa zvakanyanya.
Kubva pamidziyo yemhangura kusvika kuvharuvhu yakapedzwa, inoda kuenda kuburikidza nekucheka kwemhangura bar, kupisa kwekushisa kwakanyanya, kutsika, kutonhora, machining uye mamwe maitiro, saka kune kumwe kusvibiswa kana maokisi pamusoro pevhavha yakapedzwa;kana vharuvhu yakapedzwa yakamira kwenguva yakareba kana hunyoro hwemukati Kana yakanyanya kukura, dhigirii reiyo oxidation yepasi rinozowedzerwa.
Kuti ubvise kusvibiswa kana maokisi pamusoro pevhavha yakapedzwa, vharafu inofanira kunyoroveswa neyakatsanangurwa kuumbwa (kazhinji sulfuric acid, nitric acid, mvura yakanyungudutswa kana demineralized mvura) uye concentrated acid solution kwenguva yakati isati yasvika. use.Kana kuumbwa uye kusungirirwa kweasidhi mhinduro uye nguva yekunyura isingasviki nezvinodiwa, kurapa kwevhavha kunogona kuderera.
Bvisa vharafu ine acid uye sukurudza asidhi yacho nemvura yakachena.Kana iyo asidhi mhinduro isina kunyatsogadziriswa kana kushambidzwa zvakachena, inokanganisa kunamatira pakati pevhavha uye musanganiswa werubha.
Pukuta vhavha yakacheneswa netauro, nezvimwewo, woiisa muchoto kuti iome nenguva.Kana iyo asidi-yakagadziriswa valve valve yakazarurwa uye yakachengetwa kwenguva inopfuura nguva inotsanangurwa mukuita, oxidation reaction ichaitika pavhavha yepamusoro, uye zviri nyore kuwanazve unyoro kana kunamatira kuguruva, mafuta, nezvimwewo;kana isina kucheneswa, inenge iri pamusoro pevhavha mushure mekuoma.Gadzira tsvina yemvura uye inokanganisa kunamatira pakati pevhavha nerabha;kana kuomeswa kusina kukwana, hunyoro hunosara huri pamusoro pevhavha huchakanganisawo kunamatira kwevhavha.
Ivhavha yakaomeswa inofanira kuchengetwa mu desiccator kuchengetedza pamusoro pevhavha yakaoma.Kana hunyoro hwemamiriro ekuchengetedza hwakanyanya kana nguva yekuchengetedza yakareba, pamusoro pevhavha inogona kunge yakasvibiswa kana kuti adsorbed unyoro, izvo zvinokanganisa kunamatira kune rubber compound.
1.2 Kudzora matanho
Matanho anotevera anogona kutorwa kudzora zvinhu zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvinofurira:
(1) Shandisa zvinhu zvemhangura nekunamatira kwakanaka kune rabha kugadzirisa valve, uye zvinhu zvemhangura zvine mhangura inopfuura 80% kana pasi pe55% haigoni kushandiswa.
(2) Ita shuwa kuti mavharuvhu ebhechi rimwe chete uye kutsanangurwa kwakagadzirwa nechinhu chimwe chete, uye kuita kucheka, kupisa tembiricha, kudzvanya kumanikidza, nguva yekutonhora, machining, nzvimbo yekupaka uye nguva inowirirana, kuitira kuderedza shanduko zvinhu uye nzira yekugadzirisa.Kuderera kwekunamatira kwezvinhu.
(3) Wedzera simba rekuona revhavha, kazhinji zvichienderana nehuwandu hwe0.3% sampling, kana pane zvisiri izvo, chikamu chekuenzanisa chinogona kuwedzerwa.
(4) Chengetedza kuumbwa uye reshiyo yeasidhi mhinduro yevhavha asidhi yekurapa yakagadzikana, uye chengetedza nguva yekunyudza vharafu mune itsva asidhi mhinduro uye yakashandiswa zvakare asidhi mhinduro kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vharafu yakanyatsogadziriswa.
(5) Geza vharuvhu ine asidi nemvura, woiomesa netauro kana jira rakaoma risingabvisi tsvina, woiisa muchoto kuti iome nenguva.
(6) Mushure mekuoma, mavharuvhu anofanira kuongororwa rimwe nerimwe.Kana chigadziko chakachena uye chichipenya, uye pasina kusvibiswa kwemvura kwakajeka, zvinoreva kuti kurapwa kwakakodzera, uye kunofanira kuchengetwa muomesi, asi nguva yekuchengetedza haifaniri kudarika maawa makumi matatu nematanhatu;kana chigadziko chevhavha Yakasvibirira yakatsvuka, yakasviba yero uye mamwe mavara, kana mavara akajeka emvura kana mavara, zvinoreva kuti kurapwa hakusi kwakakwana, uye kuwedzera kuchenesa kunodiwa.
2. Kufurira uye kutonga kwemukati nozzle glue formula uye kushanduka kwemhando pakunamatira
2.1 Zvinhu zvinofurira
Iko kupesvedzera kweiyo formula yemukati menozzle uye kushanduka kwemhando yerabha pakunamatira kweiyo.rabha vharafuinonyanya kuratidzwa muzvikamu zvinotevera:
Kana iyo formula yemukati yemukati ine yakaderera glue yemukati uye akawanda mafirita, iyo fluidity yerubha ichaderedzwa;kana rudzi uye zvakasiyana-siyana zve accelerators zvisina kusarudzwa zvakanaka, zvinokanganisa zvakananga kunamatira pakati pemukati wemukati nevhavha;Zinc oxide inogona kuvandudza kunamatira kwemukati wemukati, asi kana iyo particle size yakakura uye iyo isina kuchena yemukati yakawandisa, kunamatira kunoderera;kana sarufa iri mumuromo wemukati inonaya, ichaparadza yunifomu kupararira kwesarufa mumuromo wemukati., iyo inoderedza kusungirirwa kwerubha pamusoro.
Kana mabviro uye batch yerabha yakasvibirira yakashandiswa mukati memushonga wemukati ikachinja, mhando yeanosanganisa mumiriri haina kugadzikana kana mavambo anochinja, musanganiswa werabha une nguva pfupi yekupisa, yakaderera plastiki, uye kusawirirana kusanganisa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekushanda, zvese izvo zvinokonzeresa musanganiswa wemukati wemuromo.Hunhu hunochinja, izvo zvinozokanganisa kunamatira pakati pemukati nozzle rubber uye valve.
Paunenge uchigadzira iyo yemukati nozzle rubber firimu, kana nhamba yenguva yekuchenesa inopisa isina kukwana uye thermoplasticity yakaderera, iyo extruded firimu ichave isina kugadzikana muhukuru, yakakura mu elasticity uye yakaderera mupurasitiki, izvo zvinokanganisa kuyerera kweiyo rubber compound. uye kuderedza simba rekunamatira;kana firimu remukati rerubha rinopfuura Nguva yekuchengetedza inotsanangurwa nemaitiro ichaita kuti frosting yefirimu iite uye inokanganisa kunamatira;kana nguva yekupaka yakapfupika, kuneta deformation yefirimu pasi pechiito che mechanical stress haigone kudzoserwa, uye fluidity uye adhesion yerubha zvinhu zvichakanganiswawo.
2.2 Kudzora matanho
Matanho ekudzora anoenderana anotorwa zvinoenderana nerunziro yemukati menozzle formula uye kushanduka kwemhando yerabha pane adhesion:
(1) Kuti ugone kukwidziridza fomula yemukati wemukati, iyo yemukati yemukati yerubha yemukati inofanira kudzorwa zvine musoro, kureva, kuve nechokwadi chekuyerera uye kunamatira kwerabha, uye kudzora mutengo wekugadzira.Nyatsodzora saizi yechikamu uye kusachena kwemukati we zinc oxide, dzora tembiricha yevulcanization yemukati muromo, matanho ekushanda uye nguva yekupaka yerabha kuti ive nechokwadi chekufanana kwesarufa murabha.
(2) Kuti ive nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwemhando yekomboni yerabha mumuromo wemukati, mavambo erabha yakasvibirira uye maajenti ekubatanidza anofanirwa kugadziriswa, uye shanduko yebatch inofanira kuderedzwa;process management inofanirwa kunyatsodzorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti michina paramita inosangana nezvinodiwa;Kupararira kufanana uye kugadzikana mukomboni yerubha;kusanganisa kwakasimba, glue, mashandiro ekuchengetedza uye tembiricha yekudzora kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nguva yekupisa uye plastiki yekomboni yerabha inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemhando.
Paunenge uchigadzira firimu remukati rerubha, zvinhu zverubha zvinofanira kushandiswa mukutevedzana;kupisa kunopisa uye kucheneswa kwakanaka kunofanira kuva yunifomu, nhamba yenguva dzetamping inofanira kugadziriswa, uye banga rekucheka rinofanira kupindwa;iyo yemukati nozzle firimu yekupaka nguva inofanirwa kudzorwa mukati me1 ~ 24 h, kudzivirira iyo rabha zvinhu kusapora kubva kuneta nekuda kwenguva pfupi yekupaka.
3. Kufurira uye kutonga kwevulcanization yemukati muromo rubber pad pakunamatira
Kusarudza vharafu yezvakakodzera zvinhu uye kubata nekuichengeta zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa, kuchengetedza fomula yemukati nozzle rubber inonzwisisika uye mhando yakagadzikana ndiyo hwaro hwekuona kunamatira pakati pemukati nozzle rubber nevhavha, uye vulcanization ye Inner nozzle rubber pad uye vharafu (kureva kuti, muromo werabha) Vulcanization) ndiyo kiyi yekuona kunamatira.
3.1 Kufurira zvinhu
Iko pesvedzero yenozzle vulcanization pane adhesion pakati pemukati muromo uye vharafu inonyanya kuratidzwa muhuwandu hwekuzadza kweiyo rubber kompound uye kutonga kwekumanikidza kwevulcanization, tembiricha uye nguva.
Kana mhuno yerabha yakanyungudutswa, mhungu yevharuvhu uye yemukati yemukati yerabha firimu zvinowanzoiswa mune yakakosha yakasanganiswa mold yemboro yerabha.Kana iyo yekuzadza huwandu hwezvinhu zverabha yakakura kwazvo (kureva kuti, nzvimbo yemukati yerubha firimu yakakurisa kana yakawandisa), mushure mekuvharwa kwe mold, iyo yakawandisa rubber zvinhu inopfachukira iyo mold kuita rubber edge, iyo isingazokonzeri tsvina chete, asi inokonzera kuti mold isavhare zvakanaka uye inokonzera rubber pads.Haisi dense uye inokanganisa kusungirirwa pakati pemukati nozzle rubber uye valve;kana huwandu hwekuzadza kwezvinhu hwerabha hwakanyanya kudiki (kureva kuti, nzvimbo yemukati yemukati yerubha firimu idiki kana yakatetepa), mushure mekuvharwa kwe mold, iyo yerubha zvinhu haigone kuzadza iyo mold cavity, iyo ichaita. kuderedza zvakananga Kunamatira pakati pemukati muromo uye valve.
Pasi-sarufa uye pamusoro-sarufa yemhino ichakanganisa kunamatira pakati pemukati wemukati nevhavha.Iyo vulcanization nguva inowanzoita paramende inotarwa zvichienderana nerabha rinoshandiswa mumuromo, tembiricha yehutsi uye kumanikidza kwekuvhara.Haikwanise kuchinjwa pamadiro apo mamwe maparameter anoramba asina kuchinjwa;zvisinei, inogona kugadziridzwa zvakakodzera kana tembiricha yeutsi uye clamping pressure ichichinja., kubvisa pesvedzero yeparameter shanduko.
3.2 Kudzora matanho
Kuti ubvise pesvedzero ye vulcanization process yemhino pane adhesion pakati pemukati muromo nevhavhavha, iyo theoretical huwandu hwerabha inoshandiswa vulcanization yemhino inofanira kuverengerwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemold cavity, uye nzvimbo. uye kukora kwefirimu remukati remukati rinofanira kugadziriswa maererano nekuita chaiko kwerabha.Kuti uone kuti huwandu hwekuzadza rubber hwakakodzera.
Nyatsodzora kudzvanywa kwevulcanization, tembiricha uye nguva yemhino, uye simbisa iyo vulcanization mashandiro.Nozzle vulcanization inowanzoitwa paflat vulcanizer, uye kudzvanywa kwevulcanizer plunger kunofanirwa kugadzikana.Iyo vulcanization steam pombi inofanirwa kuvharirwa zvine mutsindo, uye kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumidza, sub-cylinder kana tangi yekuchengetera chiutsi ine vhoriyamu yakakodzera inofanira kuiswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekudzikama kwehutsi uye tembiricha.Kana mamiriro akabvumidza, kushandiswa kweyakaenzana vulcanization otomatiki kudzora kunogona kubvisa yakashata mhedzisiro inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemaparamita senge clamping pressure uye vulcanization tembiricha.
4. Kupesvedzera uye kutonga kwemaitiro ekushanda uye kugadzirwa nharaunda pane adhesion
Pamusoro pezvisungo zviri pamusoro, shanduko dzese kana kusakodzera kwemaitiro ekushanda uye zvakatipoteredza zvichavawo nekukanganisa kwekunamatira pakati pemukati wemukati nevharuvhu.
4.1 Kufurira zvinhu
Mhedzisiro yekushanda kwemaitiro pane adhesion pakati pemukati nozzle rubber uye valve inonyanya kuratidzwa mumusiyano uripo pakati pekushanda uye chiyero chevhavha rubber pad mukugadzira maitiro.
Kana vheji ichiiswa pasi pekurapwa kweasidhi, mufambisi haapfeke magirovhosi sezvinodiwa kuti ashande, izvo zvinosvibisa vhavha nyore nyore;apo vharafu inonyudzwa muasidhi, kuzununguka hakuna kuenzana kana nguva yekutonga haina kukodzera.Iyo yemukati nozzle rabha yakatsauka mukuita kupisa kwekunatsa, kutetepa extrusion, piritsi kudzvanya, kuchengetedza, nezvimwe, zvichikonzera kushanduka kwemhando yefirimu;apo rubha remukati remukati rinoputika pamwe chete nevharuvhu, mold kana valve inotsvedza;tembiricha, kudzvanywa uye tembiricha panguva vulcanization Pane kukanganisa mukutonga nguva.Kana iyo vulcanized valve yakaomeswa pazasi uye kumucheto kwerabha pad, kudzika kusingaenderane, iyo rubber poda haina kucheneswa zvakachena, uye glue paste haina kuenzana brushed, zvichingodaro, izvo zvinokanganisa kunamatira pakati pemukati werubha rubha. uye valve.
Mhedzisiro yenzvimbo yekugadzira pane adhesion pakati pemukati nozzle rabha uye vharafu inonyanya kuratidzwa mukuti kune mavara emafuta uye guruva muzvikamu uye nzvimbo dzinosangana kana kuchengetwa kwevhavha uye yemukati nozzle rubber / sheet, iyo. ichasvibisa vharafu uye yemukati nozzle rubber / sheet;Humidity yenzvimbo yekushanda inodarika mwero, iyo inoita kuti vharafu uye mukati memuromo werubha / shiti inotora unyoro uye inokanganisa kunamatira kwevhavha uye yemukati nozzle rubber.
4.2 Kudzora matanho
Kuti mutsauko uripo pakati pekushanda kwemaitiro uye chiyero, inofanira kuitwa:
Kana iyo valve ichiiswa pasi pekurapwa kweasidhi, mufambisi anofanira kupfeka magirovhosi akachena kuti ashande maererano nemitemo;apo vharafu inonyudzwa muasidhi, inofanira kuzununguka zvakafanana;inyove mumhinduro itsva yeasidhi ye2-3 s, uye wozowedzera nguva yekunyura zvakakodzera;Mushure mekuibvisa kubva mumvura, pakarepo sukurudza nemvura kwemaminitsi makumi matatu kuti uve nechokwadi chekusuka;iyo valve mushure mekusuka inofanira kubviswa nemucheka wakachena usingabvisi marara, uye woiisa muchoto kuti uome kwemaminitsi makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu.min;iyo valve yakaomeswa haifaniri kuchengetwa muomesi kwemaawa anopfuura makumi matatu nematanhatu.Iwo maparamendi emukati nozzle rubber anofanirwa kuchengetwa akatsiga panguva yekunatsa, kutetepa extrusion, piritsi kudzvanya, kuchengetedza, nezvimwewo, pasina kushanduka kuri pachena;panguva yevulcanization, mold uye valve inofanira kuchengetedzwa kubva kune skewed, uye vulcanization tembiricha, kumanikidzwa uye nguva zvinofanira kudzorwa zvakanaka.Pazasi uye kumucheto kwevhavha rubber pad kunofanirwa kuveurwa mukudzika yunifomu, hupfu hwerabha hunofanira kunyatsocheneswa nepeturu panguva yekuveurwa, uye kusungirirwa uye kupindirana kweglue paste kunofanirwa kudzorwa nemazvo, kuitira kuti mukati menozzle rubber uye. vharafu haizogadziriswi nekushanda kwemaitiro.Kunamatira kwemuromo.
Kuti udzivise kusvibiswa kwechipiri kwevhavha uye yemukati nozzle rubber / sheet, iyo valve acid yekurapa imba, ovheni, yakaoma, yemukati nozzle firimu kugadzirira uye flat vulcanization muchina uye workbench inofanira kuchengetedzwa yakachena, isina guruva nemafuta;zvakatipoteredza zviri zvishoma Humidity inodzorwa pasi pe60%, uye heater kana dehumidifier inogona kuvhurwa kuti igadziriswe kana hunyoro hwakakwirira.
5. Kuguma
Kunyangwe kunamatira pakati pevharuvhu nemukati memuromo ingori chinongedzo mukugadzirwa kwechubhu yemukati, mhete ine simba rakakosha pakuita kwekuchengetedza uye hupenyu hwesevhisi yechubhu yemukati.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti uongorore izvo zvinokanganisa kunamatira pakati pevhavha uye yemukati muromo, uye kutora zvakanangwa mhinduro kuti uvandudze huwandu hwese hwemukati chubhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-03-2022