1. Kugadzirwa Kwemashure
Kune mamwe mafuta anorema muXiaowa Oilfield, iyo yekupomba iyo inoshandiswa inoshandiswa kumigodhi. Nokuda kwekusimudzira kumusoro, nzvimbo yekumisa musoro inoda kusimudza tsvimbo yemafuta. Kana muchina wekusveta uchidzika pasi pembiru, mbiru yemvura haibvumirwi kukwira apo pombi iri kupomba, kuitira kuti mamiriro emusoro wembongoro ashanduke. Mune downstroke, iyo locomotive inoita basa pasi pechiito chehuremu hwayo, inoita basa mukushanda kwekushanda, inoita kuti iite basa rayo, iite basa rayo, iite basa rayo, inotora chikamu pasi pechiito chehuremu hwe tanker. , inoita basa mukushanda, uye Kwete kuita basa mumatangi, kwete kuenzanisa. Basa remanyoro mukupomba harisi kusiyanisa kusaenzana kwechikamu chekupomba.
2. Njodzi dzeUnbalanced Pumping Unit
Apo iyomavhiri anoremaisina kuenzana, ichaunza njodzi dzinotevera:
(1) Deredza kushanda uye hupenyu hwemota. Pamusana pemutoro usina kuenzana, motokari yemagetsi inotakura mutoro mukuru mukukwira kumusoro, uye chikwata chepombi chinomhanya nemagetsi emagetsi mumhepo yakadzika, zvichiita kuti kuparara kwesimba uye kuderedza kushanda uye hupenyu hwemagetsi emagetsi.
(2) Kupfupisa hupenyu hwebasa hwechikamu chekupomba. Nekuda kwemutoro usina kuenzana, mutoro unoerekana wakakura uye mudiki panguva imwe chete yekuchinja kwe crank, izvo zvinozoita kuti iyo yekupomba unit izununguke zvine chisimba uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwepombi unit.
(3) Kukanganisa kushanda kwakajairwa kwepombi yekupomba uye pombi. Pamusana pemutoro usina kuenzana, kufanana kwekutenderera kwekutenderera kwekrank kuchaparadzwa, kuitira kuti musoro wembongoro urege kuzununguka zvakaenzana kumusoro uye pasi, izvo zvinokanganisa kushanda kwemazuva ose kwepombi uye pombi.
Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, nekuda kwematambudziko anokonzerwa nekusaenzana kwechikwata chekuputira, kugadzirisa uye kuenzana kwechikwata chekuputira kwakava basa rinowanzoitika mubasa rezuva nezuva rekugadzirwa kwemafuta. Tsime rimwe nerimwe remafuta rinoda kugadziriswa uye kudzikamiswa kamwe kana kaviri pagore. Maererano nehuwandu, muna 2015, chiyero chekuenzanisa kwekugadzirisa pamwedzi munzvimbo yekushanda yakasvika 15 kusvika ku20 zvakanaka nguva. Maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu epanguva ino yekuenzanisa kugadzirisa, inoda nguva yakareba yekuvhara, iyo ine simba guru pamatsime emafuta anorema, izvo zviri nyore kukonzera kudonha kwemvura uye kubuda. , matsime akanamatira, etc. Naizvozvo, zvinokurumidza kugadzira mudziyo unogona kupfupisa nguva yekuenzanisa iyo yekupomba unit.
3. Solution
Parizvino, kugadzirisa huremu hwechikamu chekupomba ndiko kugadzirisa crank kune yakachinjika chinzvimbo nebhureki, uye shandisa chishandiso kufambisa huremu kune yakatarwa chinzvimbo (Mufananidzo 1). Nzvimbo yakachinjika yecrank inosarudzwa nekuti yakatwasuka yehuremu hwechiyero inobatwa chete nehuremu hwehuremu hwehuremu uye simba rinotsigira re crank kusvika kune huremu. Iko hakuna simba munzira yakachinjika, uye iri muchimiro chakamira. Panguva ino, simba rekunze rinoshandiswa kusundira chivharo chekuenzanisa kusvika panzvimbo yakatarwa, iyo ndiyo inonyanya kuchengetedza basa.
Tichifunga nezve chinzvimbo cheiyo crank yekupomba unit, iyo chete yakatwasuka chinzvimbo uye lateral chinzvimbo chinogona kusarudzwa kugadzirisa chinzvimbo chekushanda kwehuremu hwechiyero. Mushure mekuenzanisa kuongorora (Tafura 2), inotarirwa kuti chigadziriso chinotora nzvimbo yakatwasuka. Mushure mekugadzirisa nzvimbo yakatemwa se crank plane, nzira yekugadzirisa inoongororwa. Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa kwenzira dzekugadzirisa pamusika uye mamiriro chaiwo eiyo crank, inozivikanwa kuti nzira yekugadzirisa yenharembozha inogona chete kusarudza iyo yakasungwa yekubatanidza uye yekubatanidza clamp. Mushure mekuongorora nekukurukurirana, zvakanakira uye zvisingabatsiri zveiyo yakagadziriswa nzira yakaenzaniswa uye yakaongororwa (Table 4). Mushure mekuenzanisa uye kuongororwa kwezvirongwa kwapera, nzira yekupedzisira yekugadzirisa inosarudzwa sekubatanidza threaded. Mushure mekusarudza chinzvimbo chekushanda chenharembozha senzvimbo yakachinjika, uye nekusarudza iyo yakamisikidzwa seye crank ndege, zvinodikanwa kuti usarudze nzvimbo yekubatana pakati penharembozha uye huremu hwechiyero. Nekuda kwehunhu hweiyo bharanzi block pachayo, rutivi rwechivharo chivharo inzvimbo yekusangana, uye nharembozha inogona kungove munhanho-kusvika-pamusoro, pamusoro-kusvika-pamusoro pekubata.
4. Kubatanidzwa kweZvikamu
Izvo zvikamu zveiyo nharembozha nemhedzisiro yavo yekubatanidza inoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
Theanonamatira uremu, iyo inodzokororwa kumusoro uye pasi kufamba inoshandurwa kuita counterclockwise kutenderera kwegiya rekutumira, uye zino guru uye rinobatsira zino rekuvhara pini muganho, kutyaira zino bhandi kuti riwedzere, kuitira kuti uwane chinangwa che "kuwedzera uye kuomesa" (Mufananidzo. 3). MunaGunyana 2016, chiyero chekugadzirisa mashandiro ekuedza chakaitwa pa Well 2115C uye Well 2419 yeWa Shiba Station. Muedzo wekugadzika wekugadzirisa nzvimbo yebharivhavha mumatsime maviri aya akatora maminetsi maviri nemaminetsi 2.5 zvichiteerana (Tafura 9).
Inogona kuonekwa kubva pakuiswa kwematsime maviri (Fig. 4) kuti chigadziro chinosangana zvizere nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwepa-site, uye kugadzirisa uye kushanda kwekuenzanisa kunoshanduka uye nekukurumidza, kuchengetedza nguva nekuedza. Nzvimbo yekushanda inoda muhutungamiri hwekugadzira: nekuda kwekuchinja kukuru mumagetsi ekugadzirwa kwemafuta anorema zvakanaka, chikwata chekupombi chinofanira kugadziriswa uye kuenzaniswa nenguva maererano nekushanduka kwemutoro uye ikozvino. Kuiswa kwechigadzirwa kunofambisawo kushanda kwevashandi uye kunoderedza kushanda nesimba. Iyo inotakurika oiri yekupomba chiyero uremu nharembozha yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika kushandisa, iri nyore kushanda, diki muhukuru, yakareruka muhuremu, yakanakira kutakura, ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa, uye ine yakaderera mutengo wekugadzira.
Mushure mekunge bvunzo yabudirira, timu yakasimudzira nekushandisa muchikwata chechisere chekugadzira mafuta. Kubva munaGunyana kusvika Gumiguru 2016, chiyero chekugadzirisa chiyero chakaitwa mumatsime e5, izvo zvakatora avhareji yemaminetsi makumi maviri neshanu, uye zvakawana zvinotarisirwa uye zvakanakira mhedzisiro.
5. Mhedziso
(1) Chishandiso chinoderedza kusimba kwevashandi uye inovandudza chengetedzo yebasa remutsime.
(2) Simbisa kuchengetedza kwechikwata chekupomba, tsvaga njodzi dzakavanzika uye kubvisa zvinhu zvisina kujairika munguva, kuitira kuti iyo yekupomba unit ishande pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akanakisa.
(3) Chishandiso chine zvakanakira dhizaini inonzwisisika, kugadzira kuri nyore, kushanda kwakavimbika, kuri nyore pa-saiti kushanda, kuderera kwekudyara uye kuchengetedzeka kwakanyanya, uye yakakodzera kuenderera kusimudzirwa uye kushandiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-13-2022