1. Theoretical Test uye Analysis
ye3matai mavharuvhusamples dzakapihwa nekambani, 2 mavharuvhu, uye 1 ivharuvhu isati yashandiswa. Kune A uye B, valve isati yashandiswa inotarwa segrey. Comprehensive Figure 1. Iyo yekunze yevharuvhu A haina kudzika, kunze kwevharuvhu B ipamusoro, kunze kwevharuvhu C inzvimbo, uye kunze kwevharuvhu C inzvimbo. Mavharuvhu A uye B akafukidzwa nezvinoita ngura. Ivhavha A uye B yakatsemuka pamabhendeti, chikamu chekunze chekubhenda chiri padivi pevharuvhu, muromo wemhete yevhavha B inotsemuka kusvika kumagumo, uye museve muchena pakati penzvimbo dzakatsemuka pamusoro pevhavha A inotaridzwa. . Kubva pamusoro apa, kutsemuka kuri kwese kwese, kwakatsemuka kwakakura, uye kwakatsemuka kuri kwese.
Chikamu chevhiri vhiriA, B, uye C samples akachekwa kubva pakubhenda, uye morphology yepamusoro yakaonekwa neZEISS-SUPRA55 yekuongorora electron maikorosikopu, uye micro-area kuumbwa kwakaongororwa neEDS. Mufananidzo 2 (a) inoratidza microstructure yevhavha B pamusoro. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti pane zvakawanda zvichena uye zvinopenya zvimedu pamusoro pepamusoro (zvinoratidzwa nemiseve yakachena mumufananidzo), uye EDS kuongororwa kwemavara machena ane huwandu hwepamusoro hweS. Kuongorora kwemasimba emagetsi emagetsi machena. zvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2(b).
Figures 2 (c) uye (e) ari pamusoro microstructures yevharuvhu B. Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva Mufananidzo 2 (c) kuti nzvimbo inenge yakafukidzwa zvachose nezvinhu zvinopisa, uye zvinhu zvinosvibisa zvezvigadzirwa zvekuora nekuongorora kwesimba. kunyanya zvinosanganisira S, Cl uye O, zvinyorwa zveS munzvimbo dzega dzega zvakakwirira, uye migumisiro yekuongorora yemagetsi inoratidzwa muFig. 2 (d). Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva kuMufananidzo 2(e) kuti kune micro-cracks padivi pevharuvhu mhete pamusoro pevharuvhu A. Figure 2(f) uye (g) ari pamusoro micro-morphologies yevharuvhu C, pamusoro zvakare. yakafukidzwa zvachose nezvigadzirwa zvekuora, uye zvinhu zvinopisa zvinosanganisirawo S, Cl uye O, zvakafanana neFigure 2 (e). Chikonzero chekupwanya chinogona kunge chiri stress corrosion cracking (SCC) kubva pakuora chigadzirwa chekuongorora pavharuvhu. Fig. 2 (h) iinewo microstructure yepamusoro yevhavha C. Inogona kuonekwa kuti nzvimbo inenge yakachena, uye chemikemikari yepamusoro yakaongororwa neEDS yakafanana neyemhangura yemhangura, zvichiratidza kuti valve iri. isina ngura. Nekuenzanisa iyo microscopic morphology uye chimiro chemakemikari ezvitatu zvevharuvhu, zvinoratidzwa kuti kune corrosive media senge S, O uye Cl munzvimbo yakapoteredza.
Kutsemuka kwevharuvhu B kwakavhurwa kuburikidza nemuyedzo wekukotama, uye zvakaonekwa kuti mutswe wacho hauna kupinda mukati mechikamu chese chevhavhavha, yakatsemuka padivi rebend, uye haina kutsemuka padivi rakatarisana nebackbend. yevhavha. Kuongororwa kwekuona kwekuputsika kunoratidza kuti ruvara rwekuputsika kwakasviba, zvichiratidza kuti kuputika kwave kwakasvibiswa, uye zvimwe zvikamu zvekuputsika zvakasvibirira muvara, izvo zvinoratidza kuti kuparara kwakanyanya muzvikamu izvi. Kutyoka kwevharuvhu B kwakaonekwa pasi pemakorosikopu erekitironi yekuongorora, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 3. Mufananidzo 3 (a) unoratidza kutaridzika kukuru kwekutsemuka kwevharuvhu B. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kunze kwekuputsika pedyo nevhavha yakafukidzwa nezvigadzirwa zvegorosi, zvakare zvichiratidza kuvapo kwehutori hwehuputi munzvimbo yakapoteredza. Maererano nekuongorora kwemagetsi emagetsi, zvikamu zvemakemikari zvechigadzirwa chekuora zvakanyanya S, Cl uye O, uye zviri mukati meS uye O zvakakwirira, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 3 (b). Kucherekedza nzvimbo yakatsemuka, inowanikwa kuti iyo crack growth pattern iri padivi pemhando yekristaro. Nhamba huru yekutsemuka kwechipiri inogonawo kuonekwa nekucherechedza kutsemuka kwepamusoro-soro, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 3 (c). Kutsemuka kwechipiri kunoratidzwa nemiseve yakachena mumufananidzo. Zvigadzirwa zveCorrosion uye kuparuka kwekukura mapatani pane yakatyoka pamusoro zvakare inoratidza hunhu hwekushushikana corrosion kuparuka.
Kutyoka kwevhavha A hakusati kwavhurwa, bvisa chikamu chevhavha (kusanganisira nzvimbo yakatsemuka), kugaya uye kupora chikamu cheaxial chevhavha, uye shandisa Fe Cl3 (5 g) + HCl (50 mL) + C2H5OH ( 100 mL) mhinduro yakamiswa, uye iyo metallographic chimiro uye crack growth morphology yakaonekwa neZeiss Axio Observer A1m optical microscope. Mufananidzo 4 (a) inoratidza chimiro che metallographic chevhavha, iyo α + β dual-phase structure, uye β inenge yakanaka uye granular uye yakagoverwa pa-α-phase matrix. Mafambiro ekuparadzira mutswe pamitsetse yakatenderedzwa inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 4(a), (b). Sezvo nzvimbo dzakapwanyika dzakazadzwa nezvinogadzirwa necorrosion, mukaha uripo pakati penzvimbo mbiri dzekutsemuka wakapamhama, uye zvakaoma kusiyanisa mapatani ekuparadzira mutswe. bifurcation phenomenon. Kutsemuka kwakawanda kwechipiri (kwakaiswa miseve machena mumufananidzo) kwakacherechedzwawo pamusoro pekutsemuka uku kwekutanga, ona mufananidzo 4 (c), uye aya echipiri akatsemuka akapararira pamwe chete nezviyo. Iyo etched valve sample yakacherechedzwa neSEM, uye yakawanikwa kuti kune akawanda madiki-akatsemuka mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakafanana nekutsemuka kukuru. Aya madiki-akatsemuka akatanga kubva pamusoro uye akawedzera kusvika mukati mevhavha. Kutsemuka kwacho kwaiva nekaviri uye kwakatambanudzwa pamwe chete nezviyo, ona Mufananidzo 4 (c), (d). Mamiriro ezvinhu uye kushushikana kwema microcracks aya anenge akafanana neaya ekutsemuka kukuru, saka zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti chimiro chikuru chekuparadzira checrack chinonziwo intergranular, iyo inosimbiswawo nekuputsika kwekucherechedza kwevhavha B. The bifurcation phenomenon ye iyo mutswe zvakare inoratidza hunhu hwekushushikana corrosion kuputika kwevhavha.
2. Kuongorora uye Kukurukurirana
Kupfupisa, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kukuvadzwa kwevhavha kunokonzerwa nekushungurudzika corrosion kuputika kunokonzerwa neSO2. Stress corrosion cracking inowanzoda kusangana nemamiriro matatu: (1) zvinhu zvinonzwa nekuora mwoyo; (2) corrosive medium inonzwa kune alloys emhangura; (3) mamwe mamiriro ekushushikana.
Zvinowanzotendwa kuti simbi dzakachena hadzitamburi nekuora kwekushushikana, uye maalloys ese anogona kukonzeresa corrosion kune madhigirii akasiyana. Zvemidziyo yendarira, zvinowanzo davirwa kuti iyo mbiri-chikamu chimiro chine yakanyanya kushushikana corrosion susceptibility pane imwechete-chikamu chimiro. Zvave zvichishumwa mumabhuku kuti kana Zn zviri mumhangura inodarika 20%, ine yakanyanya kushungurudza corrosion susceptibility, uye iyo yakakwirira yeZn yezvinyorwa, iyo inowedzera kushushikana kwekuora mwoyo. Iyo metallographic chimiro chegasi nozzle mune iyi kesi ndeye α + β dual-phase alloy, uye iyo Zn yemukati inenge 35%, inodarika 20%, saka ine yakanyanya kushushikana corrosion senitivity uye inosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa pakushushikana. ngura kuputika.
Zvemidziyo yendarira, kana kusagadzikana kwekugadzirisa annealing kukasaitwa mushure mekutonhora kwekushanda deformation, kusagadzikana ngura kuchaitika pasi pemamiriro akakodzera ekushushikana uye nharaunda dzinoparadza. Kushushikana kunokonzera kushushikana kuora kutsemuka kunowanzo kushushikana kwenzvimbo, uko kunogona kuiswa kushushikana kana kusara kushushikana. Mushure mekunge vhiri rerori rakwidziridzwa, kushushikana kwekunetseka kunogadzirwa pamwe neaxial kutungamira kwemhepo muromo nekuda kwekumanikidza kwakanyanya muvhiri, izvo zvinokonzeresa kutsemuka kwemhepo mumhepo. Kushushikana kwekushushikana kunokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa kwemukati kwetairi kunogona kungoverengwa maererano ne σ = p R / 2t (apo p ndiyo inomanikidza yemukati yevhiri, R ndiyo dhayamita yemukati yevhavha, uye t ndiyo madziro emadziro. vharafu). Zvisinei, kazhinji, kushushikana kunokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa kwemukati kwetai hakusi kwakanyanya, uye mhedzisiro yekusarira kunetseka kunofanirwa kutariswa. Nzvimbo dzekutsemuka dzemagasi egasi ese ari kumashure, uye zviri pachena kuti yakasara deformation kubackbend yakakura, uye kune yasara tensile stress ipapo. Muchokwadi, mune zvakawanda zvinoshanda zvemhangura alloy components, stress corrosion cracking haiwanzokonzerwi nedhizaini yekugadzira, uye mazhinji acho anokonzerwa nekusarira kunetseka kusingaonekwe uye kufuratirwa. Muchiitiko ichi, kumusana wekuvhara kwevhavha, kutungamirirwa kwekutambudzika kunokonzerwa nekumanikidzwa kwemukati kwetairi kunopindirana nehutungamiri hwekushungurudzika kwakasara, uye hukuru hwezvipingamupinyi zviviri izvi zvinopa mamiriro ekushungurudzika kweSCC. .
3. Mhedziso uye Mazano
Mhedziso:
Kutsemuka kwevhiri vhirikunonyanya kukonzerwa nekushungurudzika corrosion cracking inokonzerwa neSO2.
Suggestion
(1) Tsvaga kwakabva svikiro rinoparadza munzvimbo yakapoteredzavhiri vhiri, uye edza kudzivirira kubata zvakananga neyakakomberedza corrosive medium. Semuenzaniso, chigadziko chekudzivirira-corrosion coating chinogona kushandiswa pamusoro pevhavha.
(2) Iyo yakasara yekumanikidza kushushikana kwekushanda kunotonhora inogona kubviswa nemaitiro akakodzera, senge kushushikana kudzikamisa annealing mushure mekukotama.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-23-2022